An Android device ?

An Android device? Sure. Hear me out. Android is an operating system like any Linux distribution, or Windows. Android can run on x86 hardware, or ARM boards too. (Well, usually it runs on ARM CPUs.) You can put Android-x86 on your laptop/desktop. Or a virtual machine. Whatever. The thing is, that you also mentioned that you want to upgrade a phone hardware. That's a no go, since they use "SoC"s. (System-on-chip.) Like a blackbox. Yeah, you can spot the components, disassemble it, but you cannot expand / repair it. But for the original question... the main question, the answer is: Yes.